Part of the John Deere Repair Manuals.
Hydraulics carry the heaviest load in TM11406, the 690-page John Deere 318D, 320D Operation and Test manual PDF for skid steer loaders with EH controls, with the hydraulic and hydrostatic sections running deeper than any other part of the book. Diagnostic trouble codes fill the front half, sorted by controller so an ECU, HCU, EMU or joystick fault leads you straight to the test that isolates it. Electrical coverage carries full system diagrams and wiring schematics for tracing circuits back through the harness, plus operational checkout routines, power train tests, and torque tables. Charge pressure relief should hold 3400 to 4800 kPa (500 to 700 psi), and the starter relay reads under 0.4 ohms across the contacts. Nothing kills an afternoon like a pressure spec you cannot confirm. Bookmarked and text-searchable throughout, this download is yours once you buy it, on your drive for as long as you own the loader.
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What's Inside This John Deere 318D, 320D Manual
| System | Pages | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|
| General Information | 7-22 | Safety |
| Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) | 23-184 | Engine Control Unit Diagnostic Trouble Codes, Engagement and Monitor Unit Diagnostic Trouble Codes, Hydraulic Control Unit Diagnostic Trouble Codes, Left Joystick Controller |
| Operational Checkout Procedure | 185-202 | Operational Checkout, Engine Off Checks, Engine on Checks, Hydraulic Control Enable, Steering Mistracking |
| Engine | 203-218 | Theory of Operation, Diagnostic Information, Tests |
| Electrical System | 219-468 | System Diagrams |
| Power Train | 469-480 | Theory of Operation, Diagnostic Information, Tests |
| Hydraulic System | 481-650 | Theory of Operation, Diagnostic Information, Tests |
| Heating and Air Conditioning | 651-676 | Theory of Operation, Diagnostic Information, Tests |
| Dealer Fabricated Tools | 677-690 | Motor Speed Sensor Test Harness, Solenoid Power Harness |
Quick Reference Specifications
| Specification | Value | Page |
|---|---|---|
| All Models | ||
| Relay Test Multimeter Reading | less than 0.4 Ω | p. 231 |
| Check Valve (162) | 830 kPa (8.3 bar) (120 psi) | p. 503 |
| Check Valve (163) | 35 kPa (0.35 bar) (5 psi) | p. 503 |
| Charge Pressure Relief Valve Pressure | 3400—4800 kPa, 34—48 bar, 500—700 psi | p. 563 |
| R134a Oil Charge Capacity | 217.4 mL | p. 673 |
| R134a Refrigerant Charge Capacity | 1.36 kg | p. 673 |
| 318D | ||
| Engine Speed Fast Idle (318D) | 2800 rpm | p. 216 |
| Turbocharger Boost Pressure (318D) | 122 kPa at 2600 rpm | p. 216 |
| Boom Raise Cycle Time (318D) | 3.7 sec | p. 200 |
| 320D | ||
| Engine Speed Fast Idle (320D) | 2800 rpm | p. 216 |
| Turbocharger Boost Pressure (320D) | 132 kPa at 2600 rpm | p. 216 |
| Boom Raise Cycle Time (320D) | 3.2 sec | p. 201 |
John Deere 318D, 320D Common Problems This Manual Covers
John Deere 318D engine derates and loses power a few minutes after warm-up
Check the foot and hand throttle sensor codes in the Diagnostic Trouble Codes section starting on page 23 before condemning the engine. Run fast idle and confirm 2800 rpm on a 318D with no derate. Inspect the air cleaner restriction switch and replace a loaded filter element.
Manual Section: Engine Control Unit (ECU) Diagnostic Trouble CodesBoom and bucket will not move, joysticks dead with engine running
Verify the seat belt is latched and the lap bar is down so the port lock solenoid energizes. Check the hydraulic port lock solenoid current codes in the EMU section. Confirm hydraulic oil level, then compare boom raise cycle time against the 3.7 second spec on page 200 for a 318D.
Manual Section: Boom Will Not RaiseLoader hydraulics slow, lift arms crawl under load, drive feels weak
Measure charge pressure first: it must hold 3400 to 4800 kPa (500 to 700 psi) per the relief valve spec on page 563. Replace the charge pressure relief valve if readings fall short. Then test the hydrostatic pump at 13 790 kPa on page 638 and check pump flow against 68 L/min for a 318D.
Manual Section: Hydraulic Functions Slow or No PowerEngine cranks slowly or will not start at all in cold weather
Test the starter relay with a multimeter: reading must be less than 0.4 ohms per page 231, otherwise replace it. Clean and torque the battery cable ends, then verify glow plug relay operation. Check cold start package and block heater coverage on page 211 before pulling injection nozzles.
Manual Section: Engine Hard to Start or Does Not Start When Cold p. 211Grinding or clattering noise from the chain case while driving or turning
Drain and check chain case oil level on both sides first, since a low case starves the chain and sprockets. Inspect drive chain tension and look for excessive axle bearing play. Torque the chain case access plate and drain plug fasteners to the values on page 479 when you button it back up.
Manual Section: Grinding Noise While Operating Machine p. 477One drive wheel has no power, machine pulls hard to one side
Pull the HCU trouble codes covering right and left pump solenoid current, starting. Check speed sensor inputs for both sides before opening the chain case. Compare charge pump output against the 53 L/min typical flow on page 580, then inspect the drive chain and axle bearings for internal damage.
Manual Section: Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) Diagnostic Trouble CodesFrequently Asked Questions
How do I clear diagnostic trouble codes on a John Deere 318D or 320D?
To clear diagnostic trouble codes, access the service menu on the engagement and monitor unit (EMU) by pressing and holding the MENU button for 5 seconds. Open the 'MAIN MENU CODES' display, press SELECT, then press NEXT until 'CODES CLEAR' is displayed. Finally, press SELECT to clear the stored codes. p. 386
What is the procedure for calibrating the boom and bucket hydraulics?
Calibration is performed through the service menu on the EMU. After accessing the service menu, open 'MAIN MENU CALIBRATION' and select 'CALIBRATION BOOM AND BUCKET'. Follow the on-screen prompts to move the right joystick to calibrate the boom down, boom up, bucket curl, and bucket dump thresholds. Ensure the hydraulic oil is at 60°C (140°F) before starting. p. 428
What is the axle housing nut torque spec on a John Deere 318D, 320D skid steer?
The torque specification for the axle housing nuts is 305 N·m (225 lb-ft). p. 479
What is the hydraulic system relief valve pressure spec on a John Deere 318D, 320D skid steer?
The hydraulic system relief valve pressure specification is 21 400—22 100 kPa (214—221 bar) (3100—3200 psi). p. 561
Do I get instant access to this John Deere 318D Operation and Test Manual?
Straight to your device: 690 pages of searchable Operation and Test Manual, downloadable the moment payment goes through.
Can I print specific sections of this John Deere 318D Operation and Test Manual?
Yes, print as many copies as you want, and there are no restrictions. Many mechanics print the section they need and bring it to the shop floor.
Are hydraulic diagrams part of this John Deere 318D Operation and Test Manual?
Yes. A hydraulic diagram is included so you can follow the main circuit. There is one on page 488, for example.
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