Part of the JCB Repair Manuals.
This is JCB Service Manual publication 9803/3280 Issue 9. It covers 3CX, 4CX, 214e, 214, 215 and 217 backhoe loaders and variants from machine no. 930000 onwards (903000 onwards in the USA).
It gives relief valve settings, wheel nut torque, capacities and engine data for the 1000 Series and 1100 Series builds. It also has electrical and hydraulic circuit schematics, harness layouts, Synchro Shuttle and Powershift overhaul, SD55, SD80 and PD70 axles, brakes, 2WS and 4WS steering, and servo controls.
What's Inside This JCB 3CX, 4CX, 214e and Variants Manual
| System | Pages | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|
| Introduction | 1-3 | Publication Data, Machine Nomenclature, Colour Coding, Contents |
| General Information | 4-32 | Machine Identification Plate, VIN, Torque Settings, Service Tools Numerical List, Service Tools, Sealants and Compounds |
| Care and Safety | 33-39 | Warnings and Cautions, Safe Working Practices |
| Routine Maintenance | 40-105 | Tyres and Wheels, Service Schedules, Greasing, Engine Air Filter, Engine Oil, Cooling System, Fuel System, Gearbox Oil, Axles, Brakes, Hydraulics, Electrics and Battery, Capacities and Lubricants |
| Section a: Attachments | 106-134 | Hi-Flow Rockbreaker, Hydraclamp, 3-Point Hitch |
| Section B: Body and Framework | 135-203 | Technical Data, Air Conditioning, Glazing, ROPS, Panels, Stabiliser and Dipper Wear Pads, Sideshift, Loader Arms, Stabiliser Legs, Kingpost, Boom and Dipper, Hydraulic Tank |
| Section C: Electrics, Data and Schematics | 204-233 | Service Tools, Electrical Data, Fuses, Circuit Schematics for the Basic Machine and 214e |
| Section C: Electrics, Testing and Harnesses | 234-402 | Electrical Testing, Battery, Alternator, Starter Motor, Wiring Repair, Earth Points, Harness Interconnection, Console, Cab Roof, Steer, Transmission, Engine and Mainframe Harnesses |
| Section D: Controls | 403-428 | Steering Column, Shovel Reset, Return to Dig, Control Rods and Linkages, Control Cables, Boom Lock Cable, Throttle Cable |
| Section E: Hydraulics, Technical Data | 429-451 | Service Tools, Fixed and Variable Flow Pumps, Relief Valve Pressures, Smooth Ride System |
| Section E: Hydraulics, Schematics | 452-474 | Basic Operation, Component Location, Hydraulic Symbols, Fixed Flow, 214e and Variable Flow Circuit Schematics |
| Section E: Hydraulics, Circuit Descriptions | 475-534 | Pump Operation, Pressure and Flow Regulator, Loader Valve Neutral Circuit, Unloader, Hsc, Arv, Mrv, Excavator Valve |
| Section E: Hydraulics, Fault Finding and Service | 535-582 | Fault Finding, Pressure Testing, Pump Flow Test, Hydraulic Pump Removal |
| Section E: Hydraulics, Valves and Rams | 583-662 | 214e Loader Valve, Fixed and Variable Flow Loader Valves, Excavator Valve, Hbpv, Rams, Oil Cooler, SRS Accumulator |
| Section F: Transmission, Data and Operation | 663-765 | Wheels and Tyres, Axle Data, Gearbox Data, Stall Speeds, Basic Operation, Drivepaths, Electrical Connections |
| Section F: Transmission, Fault Finding | 766-824 | Synchro Shuttle, 2/4WD Clutch and Powershift Fault Finding, Service Procedures, Propshafts |
| Section F: Transmission, Axles | 825-885 | Front Axle SD55 and SD80, Rear Axle PD70 and SD80, Limited Slip Differential |
| Section F: Transmission, Gearboxes | 886-1003 | Synchro Shuttle and Powershift Gearbox Overhaul, Torque Converter, Transmission Cooler |
| Section G: Brakes | 1004-1062 | Technical Data, Compensating Master Cylinder, 2 and 4 Wheel Braking, Electrical Connections, Fault Finding, Service Brakes, Parking Brake |
| Section H: Steering | 1063-1121 | Technical Data, 2WS and 4WS Operation, Steer Modes, Fault Finding, Bleeding, Pressure Testing, Power Track Rod, Priority Valve, Steer Unit |
| Section K: Engine | 1122-1130 | Technical Data for 1000 Series and 1100 Series, Fuel Lift Pump Strainer, Engine Removal and Replacement |
| Section L: Servo Controls | 1131-1212 | Precision Control Operation, Electrical and Hydraulic Schematics, Circuit Descriptions, Fault Finding, Joysticks, Servo Supply Valve, Loader and Excavator Valves |
Quick Reference Specifications
| Specification | Value | Page |
|---|---|---|
| Fuel tank | 150 litres (33 UK gal), diesel ASTM D975 | p. 104 |
| Engine oil, 2WS AR build | 11.0 litres (2.4 UK gal), JCB Super Multigrade 15W/40 | p. 104 |
| Engine oil, RE and RG build | 10.9 litres (2.4 UK gal) | p. 104 |
| Coolant, AK and AR build | 23.0 litres (5.1 UK gal), JCB Four Seasons Antifreeze | p. 104 |
| Hydraulic system | 130 litres (28.6 UK gal), JCB High Performance Hydraulic Oil ISO VG46 | p. 105 |
| Synchro Shuttle 4WD gearbox oil (dry) | 15.4 litres (3.4 UK gal) | p. 104 |
| Powershift 6 speed gearbox oil (dry) | 16 litres (3.5 UK gal) | p. 104 |
| Brake system fluid | 1.4 litres (0.3 UK gal), JCB Light Hydraulic Fluid ISO VG15 | p. 104 |
| Wheel nut torque, front and rear | 680 Nm (500 lbf ft) | p. 47 |
| Steering relief valve (at 1500 rev/min) | 120 ± 3 bar (1740 ± 50 lbf/in²) | p. 1066 |
| Loader valve MRV, fixed flow | 236 - 241 bar (3420 - 3500 lbf/in²) | p. 442 |
| Loader valve MRV, fixed flow high pressure | 260 - 266 bar (3770 - 3850 lbf/in²) | p. 442 |
| Shovel ram rod side ARV, fixed flow | 310 - 317 bar (4500 - 4600 lbf/in²) | p. 442 |
| Loader valve MRV, 214e | 228 - 235 bar (3300 - 3400 lbf/in²) | p. 444 |
| Priority relief valve, variable flow | 170 - 176 bar (2450 - 2550 lbf/in²) | p. 446 |
| Excavator valve, boom ram head side | 248 - 255 bar (3600 - 3700 lbf/in²) | p. 447 |
| Variable flow pump stand-by pressure | 20 bar (290 lbf/in²) | p. 441 |
| Engine, 1000 Series AK build | 74.6 kW (100 bhp) | p. 1124 |
| Engine, 1000 Series AR build | 56 kW (75 bhp) | p. 1124 |
| Engine, 1100 Series RE build | 61.5 kW (82.5 bhp) | p. 1125 |
JCB 3CX, 4CX, 214e and Variants Common Problems This Manual Covers
All hydraulic rams slow to operate
Start with the neutral circuit lines and look for leaks or a restriction. Then check pump output with a flow test and make sure the priority valve is not sticking. Check the MRV setting and the unloader valve. Finish with the tank filter bypass and the tank breather.
Manual Section: Section E: Hydraulics, Fault Finding and Service p. 536Hydraulic oil becomes too hot
Clean the oil cooler fins first. Next, check the neutral circuit hoses for a restriction. If the filter is blocked and its bypass is not opening, replace the filter. These checks are fault 8 in the hydraulic fault finding chart.
Manual Section: Section E: Hydraulics, Fault Finding and Service p. 538Brake pedal travel excessive but pedal not touching the floor
Air in the system is the first suspect. Check the fluid level and hunt for leaks. Then check for leakage at the master cylinder, the brake pistons and the pipes. If the friction or counter plates are distorted, renew them on both sides.
Manual Section: Section G: Brakes p. 10354WD cannot be engaged on a Synchro Shuttle machine
Check the gearbox oil level and the 2/4WD circuit fuse first. Then inspect the external pipes and connections, and test main line pressure. If those are good, the fault is internal. Look at the solenoid spool, the O-rings, the clutch shaft seals and the clutch plates.
Manual Section: Section F: Transmission, Fault Finding p. 769Frequently Asked Questions
Which engines are covered and what power do they make?
The manual covers two 4-cylinder water-cooled families, the 1000 Series and the 1100 Series. The 1000 Series AR build is naturally aspirated and makes 56 kW (75 bhp). The AK build is turbocharged and makes 68.5 kW (92 bhp) or 74.6 kW (100 bhp). The 1100 Series has 4.4 litres swept volume. Its RE build is naturally aspirated at 61.5 kW (82.5 bhp), and the turbocharged RG build gives 74.6 kW (100 bhp) or 68.5 kW (92 bhp). Governed speed is 2200 rev/min. p. 1124
What are the JCB 3CX, 4CX and 214e fluid capacities?
The fuel tank holds 150 litres (33 UK gal). Engine oil is 11.0 litres for the 2WS AR build, 10.0 litres for the AK build and 10.9 litres for the RE and RG builds. AK and AR coolant is 23.0 litres. The hydraulic system takes 130 litres (28.6 UK gal) of ISO VG46 oil. The brake system takes 1.4 litres of JCB Light Hydraulic Fluid ISO VG15. A dry Synchro Shuttle 4WD gearbox takes 15.4 litres, and a dry Powershift 6 speed takes 16 litres. p. 104
What are the JCB 3CX, 4CX and 214e loader and excavator relief valve pressures?
On fixed flow machines the loader valve main relief valve is set at 236 - 241 bar (3420 - 3500 lbf/in²), and the high pressure version at 260 - 266 bar. The 214e loader MRV is 228 - 235 bar. The shovel ram rod side ARV is 310 - 317 bar. The excavator boom ram head side is 248 - 255 bar. On variable flow, the priority relief valve is 170 - 176 bar and pump stand-by is 20 bar. The steering relief valve is 120 ± 3 bar at 1500 rev/min. p. 442
How often should the oil and filters be changed?
The service schedules run at 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000 and 2000 hour intervals. In calendar terms, 10 hours is daily, 50 hours is weekly and 500 hours is six months. 1000 hours is yearly and 2000 hours is two years. In severe conditions, change the engine oil and filter every 250 hours. p. 49
Which gearboxes are covered?
The manual covers the Synchro Shuttle SS700 with 4 speeds, the Powershift PS766 with 6 forward and 4 reverse speeds, and the 4 speed Powershift PS764. It includes gearbox overhaul, the torque converter and the transmission cooler. On the axle side, it covers the SD55 and SD80 front axles, the PD70 and SD80 rear axles, and the limited slip differential. p. 684
Reviews
There are no reviews yet.